(For his original discoveries which illuminate the brain's ability to perceive and organize information, and to translate sensory impulses into behavior.)
(For discovering the causes of certain viral diseases and for pioneering breakthroughs in vaccine development, especially hepatitis B vaccine development throughout the world.)
(For his persistent leadership in conceiving, developing and testing vaccines against various viral diseases, especially hepatitis B, with vast impact on world health.)
(For combining the techniques of cardiac catheterization and coronary artery cinematography, thus inaugurating the modern era of diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease.)
