Check all the winners of National Medal of Science for Chemistry presented under National Medal of Science since 1964 .
Allen J. Bard(For contributions in electrochemistry, including electroluminescence, semiconductor photoelectrochemistry, electroanalytical chemistry, and the invention of the scanning electrochemical microscope.) |
M. Frederick Hawthorne(For highly creative pioneering research in inorganic, organometallic, and medicinal borane chemistry, sustained and profound contributions to scientific and technical advice related to national security, and for effective, prolific, and devoted service to the broad field of chemical sciences.) |
Peter J. Stang(For his creative contributions to the development of organic supramolecular chemistry and for his outstanding and unique record of public service.) |
Jacqueline Barton(For discovery of a new property of the DNA helix, long-range electron transfer, and for showing that electron transfer depends upon stacking of the base pairs and DNA dynamics. Her experiments reveal a strategy for how DNA repair proteins locate DNA lesions and demonstrate a biological role for DNA-mediated charge transfer.) |
Marye Anne Fox(For her research contributions in the areas of organic photochemistry and electrochemistry and for enhancing our understanding of excited state and charge-transfer processes with interdisciplinary applications in material science, solar energy conversion, and environmental chemistry.) |
Stephen J. Benkovic(For his research contributions in the field of bioorganic chemistry, which have changed our understanding of how enzymes function and advanced the identification of targets and strategies for drug design.) |
Joanna Fowler(For her pioneering work in chemistry involving the synthesis of medical imaging compounds and her innovative applications of these compounds to human neuroscience, which have significantly advanced our understanding of the human brain and brain diseases including drug addiction.) |
JoAnne Stubbe(For her ground-breaking experiments establishing the mechanisms of ribonucleotide reductases, polyester synthases, and natural product DNA cleavers) |
Mostafa El-Sayed(For his seminal contributions to our understanding of the electronic and optical properties of nano-materials and to their applications in nano-catalysis and nano-medicine; his humanitarian efforts in promoting the exchange of ideas; and his role in developing the scientific leadership of tomorrow.) |
Peter Dervan(For his fundamental research contributions at the interface of organic chemistry and biology, and for his influence in education and industrial innovation.) |
Marvin H. Caruthers(For his work in developing robust methods for the chemical synthesis of DNA, which has enabled genetic engineering of new biopharmaceuticals, forensic DNA fingerprinting, and the human genome project.) |
Robert S. Langer(For his revolutionary discoveries in the areas of polymeric controlled release systems and tissue engineering and synthesis of new materials that have led to new medical treatments that have profoundly affected the well being of mankind.) |
Tobin J. Marks(For his pioneering research in the areas of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, organo-f-element chemistry, new electronic and photonic materials, and diverse areas of coordination and solid state chemistry.) |
Stephen J. Lippard(For pioneering research in bioinorganic chemistry, which enriched our understanding of how metal compounds interact with DNA, provided important synthetic models for the active sites of metalloproteins, and elucidated key structural and mechanistic features of methane monooxygenase.) |
John I. Brauman(For his seminal contributions in chemistry, giving new insight into the properties of ions and the dynamics and mechanisms of reactions, and for his landmark achievement in clarifying the key role of solvent in determining acid-base chemistry.) |
Ernest R. Davidson(For his innovative leadership and numerous conceptual and algorithmic developments that led to the field of computational quantum chemistry and made possible the accurate modeling of chemical rections and the response of molecules to radiation.) |
Gabor A. Somorjai(For molecular studies of surfaces through the use of single crystals and the development of new techniques that served as foundations of new surface technologies including heterogeneous catalysis.) |
John D. Baldeschwieler(For his imaginative development of new methods for determining the properties, structures, motions and interactions of molecules and molecular assemblies, the translation of these advances into practical pharmaceutical and instrumentation products for the public benefit, and extensive service to his government and the scientific community.) |
Ralph F. Hirschmann(For his seminal contributions to organic and to medicinal chemistry including the synthesis in solution of an enzyme (ribonuclease), his stimulation of peptide research in the Pharmaceutical Industry and for his leadership role in fostering interdisciplinary research in academia and in industry, which led to the discovery of several widely prescribed medications for human and animal health.) |
Stuart A. Rice(For changing the very nature of modern physical chemistry through his research, teaching, a nd writing, using imaginative approaches to both experiment and theory that have inspired a new generation of scientists.) |
John Ross(For his outstanding contribution and enormous impact in physical chemistry, in particular molecular studies, the kinetics and thermodynamics of nonlinear systems, and new approaches to the determination of complex chemical and biological reaction mechanisms.) |
Susan Solomon(For key scientific insights in explaining the cause of the Antarctic Ozone hole and for advancing the understanding of the global ozone layer; for changing the direction of ozone research through her findings; and for exemplary service to worldwide public policy decisions and to the American public.) |
John W. Cahn(For his pioneering work on thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transitions and diffusion, on interfacial phenomena, and for his contributions to the understanding of periodic and quasi-periodic structures.) |
George M. Whitesides(For innovative and far-ranging research in chemistry, biology, biochemistry and material science, pioneering work of technological interest and his extensive involvement with teaching, government and industry.) |
Darleane C. Hoffman(For her discovery of primordial plutonium in nature and the symmetric spontaneous fission of heavy nuclei; for pioneering studies of elements 104, 105, and 106, and for her outstanding service to education of students in nuclear chemistry and as director of the Seaborg Institute for Transactinium Science of the University of California.) |
Harold S. Johnston(For his major contributions to the chemical sciences in the areas of kinetics and photochemistry, and for his pivotal role in providing understanding and conservation of the Earth's atmospheric environment.) |
Norman Davidson(For his seminal contributions to understanding the informational properties of DNA and for developing new methods for its study.) |
Thomas Cech(For his discoveries regarding RNA catalysis that have added new dimensions to the understanding of the role of RNA in living systems.) |
Isabella Karle(For the development and applicatiom of a method for determining essentially equal-atom crystal and molecular structures by x-ray analysis, thereby having a profound effect on the practice of organic and biological chemistry.) |
George S. Hammond(For his talents as educator, academic administrator and industrial research director, and for creating the field of organic photochemistry, laying the theoretical foundations for research and the development of commercial products from its applications.) |
Donald J. Cram(For his pioneering research on the chemical foundations of molecular recognition; the understanding of the molecular basis of biological systems; his shaping of scientific thought and development, and guidance to generations of students.) |
Norman Hackerman(For his seminal contributions in the field of electrochemistry; for his effective and far-seeing vision in higher education; and for his devoted service to the nation and science.) |
Howard Ensign Simmons, Jr.(For his fundamental contributions to synthesis, molecular structure, and the theory of organic chemistry, and for his productive management of the premier industrial chemical research program in the United States.) |
Ronald Breslow(For his incisive work on enzyme mimics that has built bridges between chemistry and biochemistry, and for his seminal work on novel conjugated molecules and a new class of anticancer agents.) |
Gertrude B. Elion(For her basic research which enhanced the sciences of chemistry and medicine by elucidating fundamental principles of drug-receptor interactions for nucleic acid antagonists.) |
Dudley R. Herschbach(For his seminal contributions to the fundamental understanding of reactions of atoms and molecules, collision by collision.) |
Glenn T. Seaborg(For his outstanding work as a chemist, scientist and teacher in the field of nuclear chemistry.) |
Elkan Blout(For his pioneering studies of protein conformation and devotion to the scientific enterprise of this Nation.) |
Karl August Folkers(For his discoveries and leadership in combining basic chemical research and clinical medicine to achieve new treatments of diseases which have enhanced the quality of life and extended survival rates for countless people.) |
John D. Roberts(For his pioneering studies in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry.) |
Richard Barry Bernstein(For his development and use of the technique of molecular beams, which have played a significant role in shaping the field of modern chemical dynamics.) |
Melvin Calvin(For his pioneering studies in the mechanism of photosynthesis and bioenergetics, and for the application of scientific theory toward the solution of the most fundamental problems of the age--energy, food, chemical and viral carcinogenesis, and the origin of life.) |
Rudolph A. Marcus(For his fundamental, far-reaching, and eminently useful developments of theories of unimolecular reactions and of electron transfers in chemistry and biochemistry.) |
Harden M. McConnell(For his original and insightful research that has had a profound impact on twentieth-century mathematics, and for his role as an inspiring teacher to generations of American mathematicians.) |
William O. Baker(For pioneering studies of the complex relationships between the molecular structures and physical propoerties of polymers, for a distinguished record of leadership in the combined disciplines of science and engineering, and for distinguished service to government and education.) |
Konrad Emil Bloch(For his discovery of the principle of suicide inhibitors for enzymes and for an example of that principle. His discovery points the way to the rational design of therapeutic agents.) |
Elias James Corey(For his strikingly original contributions to organic synthesis, which have brought the science of organic chemistry to a new level of power and precision.) |
William Summer Johnson(For his outstanding achievements in organic synthesis, notably in the stereoselective total synthesis of steroids by classical and biomimetic pressures.) |
Walter H. Stockmayer(For his fundamental contributions to the physical chemistry of high polymers.) |
Max Tishler(For his profound contributions to the Nation's health and for the impact of his research on the practice of chemistry.) |
Harry B. Gray(For his pioneering research in bioinorganic chemistry and inorganic photochemistry, and for his many contributions to chemical education.) |
Yuan T. Lee(For his world leadership in the development of molecular beam techniques and their application to the study of chemical dynamics. His work has had an enormous impact on many areas of physical chemistry, especially building up a quantitative bridge between the laws of mechanics and complex macroscopic phenomena.) |
Carl Shipp Marvel(For leading us into the Polymer Age through his researches on polymers, including synthetic rubber; for helping us into the Space Age through his development of thermally stable polymers; for his many services to the chemical profession; and for educating and inspiring three generations of chemists.) |
Frank Westheimer(For his series of extraordinary, original and penetrating investigations of the mechanisms of organic and enzymic reactions, which have played an unequaled role in the advancement of our knowledge of the ways in which chemical and biochemical processes proceed.) |
Roald Hoffmann(His creative applications of theory to organic and inorganic chemistry have brought together the world community of chemists. The magnitude and uniqueness of his contributions to modern chemistry and the scientific process are contributing to an ever-improving understanding of chemistry.) |
George C. Pimentel(For his varied and ingenious use of infrared spectroscopy to study chemical bonding and molecular dynamics, and for his discovery of the first chemically pumped laser, which has had strong scientific impact as well as practical applications.) |
Richard Zare(For his seminal contributions to molecular spectroscopy, photochemistry, and chemical reaction dynamics, especially for his incisive theoretical methods and the development of the experimental technique of laser induced fluorescence.) |
F. Albert Cotton(For contributions of unique range, depth, and importance to inorganic and structural chemistry, especially the discovery and elucidation of multiple metal-metal bonds and the application of group theory to chemical problems.) |
Gilbert Stork(For his contributions as one of the world's most innovative and productive organic synthetic chemists who has discovered a variety of important synthetic reactions which have made possible the synthesis of some of the most complicated and important biologically active compounds.) |
Arthur Kornberg(For accomplishments providing the conceptual and experimental framework for much of our current understanding of the manner in which DNA, the genetic substance, is replicated.) |
Severo Ochoa(For important contributions to biochemistry and molecular biology, discoveries that contributed greatly to our understanding of the mechanisms for energy generation within a cell, the mechanism whereby proteins are synthesized within a cell and the elucidation of the genetic code.) |
Roger Adams(For superb contributions [to chemistry] as a scientist, teacher and imaginative leader in furthering the constructive interaction of academic and industrial scientists.) |
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